![]() ![]() The utriculus, sacculus and semicircular canals of the vestibule are the structure of our sense of balance or equilibrium. Sound waves- Pinna and auditory meatus- tympanic membrane- ear ossicles- fenestra ovalis- perilymph of membranous labyrinth- cochlear duct- Scala media (endolymph)- Reissner’s membrane- basilar membrane- Organ of corti- Auditory nerves- Brain- Hearing Equilibrium or Balance The vibration from the tympanic membrane is then transmitted through the middle ear (tympanic cavity) by ossicles to reach the membrane of fenestra ovalis. The sound waves vibrate the tympanic membrane. The pinna (auricle) is specially built to concentrate the sound waves towards the auditory meatus. ![]() Besides detecting, it also judges the direction and loudness of sound. Hearing is one of the main functions of ear that detects sound waves or vibrations in the air. Vestibuli keeping a sense of balance and equilibrium.Organ of corti conducts the sound waves thus associated with hearing.Scala tympani: It is connected with tympanic cavity through fenestra rotunda filled with perilymph. The scala vestibuli and scala tympani are filled with perilymph, communicate through helicotrema. The hair cells are provided with numerous hairs like structures at the free end. The later is provided with the receptor cells, called sensory hair cells. The basilar membrane is provided with a sensory spot responsible for hearing, called organ of corti. The floor of the scala media is called the basilar membrane and its roof is called the Reisner’s membrane. Scala media: The scala media is the middle cells canal. Scala vestibuli: It is connected with tympanic cavity through fenestra ovalis filled with perilymph fluid. This nerve leads from the cochlea to the brain. All these nerve endings join the auditory nerve. These nerve endings are highly sensitive to the vibration of fluid. Its inner surface is lined with nerve endings. VestibuleĬochlea: Cochlea is the fluid filled spiral tube. It is enclosed in a bony labyrinth (cavity) containing perilymph fluid. The internal human ear is the complex and delicate part of the ear. If the pressure becomes great enough, the ear drum may burst. When eustachian tube becomes blocked by cold, the inner and outer pressure do not equalize. This connection equalizes the pressure in the middle ear with that of the outer atmosphere. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear with pharynx (throat). These ossicles communicate the ear drum with internal ear through fenestra ovalis. Ligaments that support these bones allow them to move freely as they transport sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear. ![]()
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